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gypsum, which is a by-product, was the main raw material of GSL (Li et al., 2015; Xie et al., 2011). The reason is that the price of FGD is much less than that of natural gypsum while the quality of FGD is comparable to that of natural gypsum (Cao et al., 2015). Phosphorus Gypsum (PG) is also an industrial by-product that derived from
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The industrial byproduct gypsum is a general term for byproducts discharged from industrial production with calcium sulfate as the main ingredient. Due to the high number of impurities and production volume, the industrial byproduct gypsum is underutilized, leading to serious environmental problems. At present, only …
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1. Introduction. Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum is a synthetic form of gypsum created as a by-product of carbon-based energy sources (typically coal combustion) (Chen and Dick, 2011; Chen et al., 2014).Limestone forced oxidation scrubbers remove sulfur dioxide from the flue gas stream of sulfur-heavy energy …
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The results of the study show that the inclusion of gypsum in mixtures of Portland cement and soft sediment can significantly enhance the strength gain of …
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India's cement production capacity stood at around 502 million tonnes per year (mtpa) in 2018 and is expected to reach 550 mtpa by 2025. Typically, manufacturing cement uses …
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The utilization of gypsum reinforced composites as building materials has garnered considerable attention owing to their exceptional amalgamation of mechanical strength, fire resistance, and versatile applications. This review initiates by introducing gypsum as a pivotal mineral in construction, subsequently exploring the concept of …
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0) U 800 h- 400 2 4 SO 3 (%) 60 2 4 S03(%) Fig. 36. Creep of 50 MPa concrete vs. SO3 content of cement, for cement C-l, C-2, C-3 (Table 3) [7], Gypsum in …
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In this report, quality parameters gypsum and anhydrite cement samples are also investigated. With respect to learn effects of gypsum and anhydrite on cement parameters, the physical and mechanical parameters of cement samples which is mixture of clinker-gypsum and clinker-anhydrite with 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5 and 6.0% are …
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In the natural gypsum sources, anhydrite gypsum can often be encountered, so its effect on cement's quality parameters must be focused on [1-3]. Furthermore, in the many …
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1. Introduction. Sulfate attack is a significant durability concern for cement-based materials that threatens many concrete structures. Although this is not a new issue, in the last couple of decades, a myriad of structural members including dams, concrete pavement, bridge piers, concrete piles, buried concrete foundations, highway or …
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The setting times and early strength of shotcrete are greatly affected by the gypsum content of the cement used. In this work, the setting times, compressive …
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Portland cement CEM I is obtained from (95–97%) of clinker and (3–5%) of gypsum, according to EN 197-1 (2011) standard. Sulfur xide SO 3 is the main component of gypsum (Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O), it may also originate from clinker, the previous standard has limited its content in cement at 4%. It is known …
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Gypsum plays a crucial role in cement. Though it is used in a small quantity, in the range of 2.5-3.0 percent in terms of SO3, gypsum's role in cement is significant, more predominantly at early ages.
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The effect of gypsum on swelling pressure is studied and it is found that swelling pressure decreases with addition of gypsum. ... The chemical treatment means that the soil properties are improved with some chemical additives, such as lime, cement, bituminous, bentonite, dehydrate calcium chloride, etc. ...
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Introduction. Portland cement underpins modern global development. As such, it is the most abundantly produced material in the world (Deolalkar Citation 2016).The world has an abundance of the primary raw materials for cement manufacturing and, compared to other construction materials, cement's cost is low and it has good durability …
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Effects of Gypsum on Cement. Gypsum prevents Flash Setting of cement during manufacturing. It retards the setting time of cement. …
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The GSLM benchmark mix ratio was determined as follows: 94% of desulfurization building gypsum, 6% of cement, 0.638% each of water reducer and retarder, 0.085% each of HPMC and deer ...
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Even if cement is a well-consolidated material, the chemistry of cement (and the chemistry inside cement) remains very complex and still non-obvious. What is sure is that the hydration mechanism plays a pivotal role in the development of cements with specific final chemical compositions, mechanical properties, and porosities. This …
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Similar to natural gypsum, PG's primary chemical composition is CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O, thereby rending it a promising alternative to natural gypsum [4]. Currently, some researchers have adopted PG as the basic material to produce building materials, such as cement retarder [5], gypsum block [6], plastering mortar [7], and carbon sequestration ...
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Gypsum in cement reduces friction between its particles, thus resulting in a mix with higher smoothness and improved workability. Durability. Gypsum increases the durability of cement structures or elements by providing improved resistance to chemical attacks by sulfates and alkali-silicates. Effects of Gypsum in the cement
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FGD gypsum is evaluated as a possible partial or total substitute of natural gypsum for the control of cement setting. Extended laboratory and industrial scale trials in cement and concrete mixes were carried out. ... Richartz W., Sprung S., Setting of cement—Effect of adding calcium sulfate, ZKG, vol. 6, 271–277, 1980. Google Scholar ...
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Usage of industrial by-products such as ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), gypsum, and limestone powder have gained prominence in concrete production. It is, therefore, very important to conduct research into the various materials and their attendant influence on properties of concrete at different ambient temperatures. …
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The alite–belite–ferrite phase system is different from the Portland cement system; the main difference is that the former has no tricalcium aluminate (3CaO·Al 2 O 3, C 3 A). Normally, the content of C 3 A is the main factor causing the sulfate attack [].Thus, the alite–belite–ferrite phase system can be used in the sulfate attack of seaports, water …
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Cement is extensively used in the construction industry. Gypsum is used as a hardening agent in cement. Gypsum is a non-sulfate, soft mineral that can be mined …
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Gypsum plays a crucial role in cement. Though it is used in a small quantity, in the range of 2.5-3.0 percent in terms of SO3, gypsum's role in cement is significant, more predominantly at early ages.
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This study investigates the effect on the mechanical properties of cement-stabilised silty soft soil (CSS) using nano-gypsum (NG). Unconfined compression strength (UCS) test trials were conducted ...
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The effects of the w/c and gypsum content on the hydration of CSAB cement and the formation of strätlingite were investigated with a series of experiments including mechanical testing, quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD, QXRD), isothermal calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
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Tests have been performed with Class F fly ashes used for the production of interground 20% fly ash cement. Unground and ground fly ashes were mixed with a reference high fineness Portland cement ...
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Flue Gas Desulphurized Gypsum (FGDG) is a by-product generated by the thermal power industry to remove sulfur dioxide (SO 2) from flue gas emissions.This paper provides a comprehensive review of flue gas desulphurized (FGD) gypsum production, property, and applications in the construction industry.
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Why gypsum is added to cement? Role of gypsum in cement. Cement is a binding material used in the construction of concrete structures. Cement plays a vital role in terms of economy and the durability of the structure. So, cement should maintain quality enough while mixing the ingredient of concrete i.e sand, aggregate, and admixture.
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