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The EAF(L) steel slag samples and EAF(L) steel slag mixtures were compacted in CBR molds at their w opt using the standard Proctor energy (approximately 56 blows/layer) in CBR molds of 15.2 cm in diameter. The compacted samples were then flipped onto perforated base plates, and after the removal of the spacer disks, the height …
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reduced slag carry over. As a result of reduced turbulences in the tapping channel of a CFD-optimised taphole, the pressure drop of the steel flow and tapping time is decreased. The example shown in Fig. 2 compares one and the same EAF with cylindrical and CFD-optimised taphole design. Both tapholes are defined by the inner channel …
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The results show that for industrial pavement construction, concrete with EAF slag aggregates has similar environmental load and cost with the reference concrete, while in the case of pervious paving blocks the use of EAF slag aggregates reduces the environmental load by 14% at a reduced cost, and for heavyweight concrete the …
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Electric arc furnace (EAF) slag is a by-product of steel production in electric arc furnaces. Several studies have tried to demonstrate its suitability in civil engineering application, such as in bituminous mixtures and cement-based materials, due to its good physical, chemical and mineralogical properties. Particularly the re-use as coarse …
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Consistently, optimum slag ing is observed at EAF slag compositions with basicity B 2 = x CaO /x SiO2 ≈ 2 [4,5], i.e., heterogeneous slag ing [9,13], in order to compensate the viscosity ...
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EAF steel slag aggregates were successfully incorporated by the Australian Grand Prix Corporation and Formula 1 onto racetracks in Adelaide and Melbourne Australia [4]. A testament to the durability of EAF steel slag is in its use in an SMA mix at what is known as the "World's Strongest Intersection".
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DOI: Charles O, Kelly C, John Y, Keith M-Y. Sustainable Transportation Utilizing Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Steel Slags. Civil Eng. 10.19080/CERJ.2023.13.555870. 10. …
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The EAF model was used to compute the slag composi-tion as a function of time and is shown in Fig. 2for Base Case (A) and Case (B). As opposed to oxygen steelmaking (OSM), e.g., LD, BOF, etc., in the EAF, the slag composi-tion does not change significantly with time. This was con-firmed by analysis of slag samples taken during the opera-tion.
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EAF technology is used for around 30% of European carbon and low alloy steel production. In Spain alone, approximately 70% of all steel is produced in electric arc furnaces (10 MT per year of EAF steel), representing around 15% of total European EAF steel (67 MT per year) [19], [20]. The practical use of electric furnaces in steelmaking is ...
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AbstractIn this study, the effect of using electric arc furnace (EAF) slag for infrastructure pipes was investigated. By using EAF slags and natural aggregates, normal and high strength concrete mixtures with and without steel fiber were produced for ...Practical ApplicationsThe slag produced as waste in iron and steel plants is one of the …
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Lime injection provides an ideal solution to maintaining a good y slag. It is a controlled process based on the slag conditions and is able to maintain consistent basicity, fluidity and iness. Lime and dolomitic lime injection in the EAF provides a significant shift from traditional practices.
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Sofilic T., Mladenovic A., Sofilic U., 2010, Characterization of the Eaf Steel Slag as Aggregate for Use in Road Construction, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 19, 117-122. More Citation Formats APA IEEE Vancouver Harvard (CET) Elsevier Download Citation Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS ...
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The EAF slag was crushed and sieved from 12 mm sieve and retained on 10 mm sieve. 1 kg of EAF slag sample was collected with particle size ≈ 10 mm. The test samples were washed three times with deionized water and placed in a 3 L borosil glass container and filled with 1 L deionized water as a leaching solution.
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EAF Slag. Process. The BOS process needs to be fed with molten iron, whereas the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) can operate with a feed consisting partly or entirely of solid metal such as scrap. This gives rise to two significant differences in the slag, which is otherwise fairly similar in chemical composition. First, because much of the ...
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To ensure that EAF slag is being utilized in the appropriate applications, it must be characterized to ensure proper use and that it will meet the requirements of customers, …
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EPA's preliminary research on EAF slag has shown that it is marketed as a gravel alternative for residential unencapsulated use in numerous states across the nation. "Unencapsulated use" means that it is used as loose ground cover and is not encapsulated with asphalt, concrete or with …
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The MgO saturation concentration depends on the temperature and slag components. The main EAF slag components are CaO, SiO 2, FeO, and MgO; others are Al 2 O 3, MnO, P 2 O 5, and TiO 2.In EAFs that use a large proportion of direct-reduced iron (DRI), several of these oxides, in particular SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3, originate from gangue in …
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The transition to hydrogen-based reduction processes within the iron and steelmaking industry will generate new types of slag compositions that require …
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A thermodynamic program, FACTSAGE, was utilised to study a simplified steel slag system containing four slag oxides (MgO–CaO–FeO–SiO 2), to predict the dual saturation level of CaO and MgO phases and to predict the MgO slag saturation level with variations in oxygen partial pressure, temperature and slag basicity. Results from ...
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The crystalline nature of the produced EAF steel slag reduces its possibility to be used similar to blast furnace slag in the manufacture of cements [2], and therefore EAF steel slag should be used in an alternative application with higher economic value and environmental impact such as concrete aggregate.
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The term "slag" is used for different materials which result from solidification of a melt.Sometimes it refers to pyroclastic rocks [], sometimes to ashes, e.g. from waste incineration, which have undergone sintering due to partial melting [], but mostly for pyrometallurgical residues which result from the reaction of slag-forming agents with …
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The electric arc furnace (EAF) has the potential to significantly contribute to the decarbonization of the iron and steel industry. However, during EAF steelmaking, carbon still needs to be injected into the molten slag to initiate slag ing, which is beneficial to the energy efficiency and protection of the furnace. To move away from …
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The growth of electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking in North America has occurred mainly in the past 40 years due to low electricity prices, an abundance of steel scrap (especially near large population centers), and the development of mini and macro steel mills based on metal recycling. Scrap availability and price has made steel …
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The BET specific surface area (S BET) analysis of the EAF slag before carbonation was performed using nitrogen gas analysis adsorptive.The result shows S BET of the slag to be 1.2 m 2 /g, pore volume 0.99 cm³/g and pore size 203 nm Fig. 2 shows the N 2 adsorption–desorption and pore size distribution plots of the fresh EAF slag. …
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The type of steel furnace slag (SFS), including electric arc furnace (EAF) slag, basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag, ladle metallurgy furnace (LMF) slag, and argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) slag, can significantly affect the composite properties when used as an aggregate or as a supplementary cementitious material in bound applications, such …
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The RfD of 0.071 mg/kg-day is preferred for EAF slag HRA: Used ATSDR chronic inhalation MRL (3E -4 mg/m. 3) Vanadium: Noncarcinogen—RfC and RfD based on current USEPA IRIS values. Assumed that Vanadium in EAF slag is unlikely to be in pentoxide form: Results ⏤ Residential Roadside Scenario – Arid
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EAF slag forms a particular type of microstructure in the interfacial transition zone. Abstract. Electric arc furnace oxidizing slag (EAFS) is a by-product of the steelmaking industry, generated after the melting and the preliminary acid refining of liquid steel. It is a stony material that is easy to crush for use as aggregate in concrete mixes.
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The composition of slags of an electric arc furnace (EAF) in a commercial melt shop was systematically analyzed with a focus on slag ing. Basic behavior of FeO in an EAF slag was confirmed using fundamental thermodynamics. Monoxide ([Mg,Fe,Mn]O = M'O) and spinel ([Mg,Fe]Al2O4) phases in EAF slag were confirmed by …
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On the other hand, angular shaped EAF slag concrete having slag ratio of 0.3 and spherical shaped EAF slag concrete of all slag ratio cases show moderate durability. Low air entrained (∼2%) concretes show bad durability irrespective of the type of slag and the durability factors were calculated in the range of 5–7% only.
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In practice, there are three major uses for EAF oxidizing slag: 1. EAF slag, in the same way as BOF slag, has traditionally been used as unbound material in preparing subgrades, subbases and bases for beds, embankments of roads and railways (Behiry, 2013; Chesner et al., 1998; Motz and Geiseler, 2001; Rohde et al., 2003; Stroup-Gardiner and …
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