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The pre-reduction sintering process is an effective measure to fundamentally solve the detrimental circulating accumulation of phosphorus in iron- and steel-making procedures.
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In this research, the reduction of iron ore sinter in a blast furnace (BF) simulator in CO–CO2–N2‐reducing gas, simulating conditions at the BF center and wall, …
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Earlier studies reported on the properties of iron ore and the quality of sinter. However, there is no unified understanding of the effect of SiO. 2. on the fluidity of iron ore, and the main primary mechanism is not clear. The effect of fluidity of iron ore on the reduction of sinter still lacks deep theoretical insights.
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sinter have different reduction behaviors, and these are con-siderably influenced by sinter iron ore morphologies. Qie et al. [7] reported effect of hydrogen on reduction kin-etics of iron oxides in blast furnace. They were especially fo-cused on reduction kinetics of iron ore pellet, not sintered iron ore, in whole reduction steps. Although ...
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Abstract Iron ore, pellets, and sinter were reduced with hydrogen at 800 °C to understand the degree of reduction and the mineralogical aspects. The weight loss of goethite and limonite iron ore was noticed to be lower than that of magnetite and hematite varieties. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) indicated 100 pct Fe in the case of hematite, 93 pct …
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Fig 1 Iron ore sinter. ... carbonates decomposition (endothermic), (iii) solid phase reactions, (iv) reduction and re-oxidation of iron oxides, and (v) reactions of formation of the sintered mass. Cooling zone – This zone is found immediately after the reaction zone. In this zone, cooling and re-crystallization of the sintered product take …
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In iron making process, sintering of iron ore fines is an integral step to utilize not only the ore fines but also to introduce a part of flux (limestone and dolomite) along with the sinter in blast furnace burden. ... 7215. In this test 500 g sized sample (10–12.5 mm) is taken. The sample is kept in 75 mm diameter retort and the reduction …
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Direct reduction of iron ore with H2 has become an alternative technology for iron production that reduces pollutant emissions. The reduction kinetics of iron ore fines in an H2 atmosphere under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were …
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When the hematite turned into magnetite totally, the inner stress of iron ore ended to increase, just the plasticity of iron ore increased with the rising temperature, and the reduction degradation index ended to increase. 2.3 Influences of reducing gas on the iron ore reduc- tion degradation degree As for different smelting conditions, the low ...
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In iron making process, sintering of iron ore fines is an integral step to utilize not only the ore fines but also to introduce a part of flux (limestone and dolomite) …
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Reduction Disintegration Index ( RDI) is one key factor of sinter quality, which indicates the degree of disintegration by the reducing gas at about 550 in the middle of the blast furnace shaft. This is related to the permeability and reduction reaction between gas and sinter in the blast furnace, so appropriate quality control is essential. RDI is influenced …
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Intensification of the iron ore sintering process is approached with a four-way framework covering granulation improvement, waste gas recycling, fuel gas injection into the sinter bed, and reduction of stack emissions. Various metallurgical wastes are granulated to form micro pellets and are dosed along with the feed to cut down the cost.
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Modeling of sintered iron ore deformation during ironmaking blast furnace processes is important to achieve superior process operations, particularly with the current goal of decarbonization. In this study, the high-temperature softening behavior of sintered iron ore characterized by a low-melting-point molten slag core and solid iron-rich phase …
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Iron ore sintering is a high temperature process which converts iron ore fines (<6–8 mm in size, too small for direct feed into the blast furnace) into larger agglomerates containing bonding phases, unmelted nuclei and pores. ... (550 °C) reduction of sinter in reducing conditions simulating COREX shaft furnace. The mineralogical …
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L. F. Verdeja (2017) Iron Ore Sintering: Process, Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy. Review, 38:4, 215-227, DOI: 10.1080/08827508.2017.1288115 ... content in sinter, the reduction and ...
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The fundamental properties and utilisation feasibility in the sintering production of a newly developed commercial iron ore resource were studied at laboratory scale in the present work.
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the BF shaft. It is found that lump ore has lowest reduction rate in all test conditions, and at lower temperatures iron ore pellets reduce faster than sinter, and this is reversed at higher temperatures. Furthermore, the reduction rate of sinter and iron ore pellets begins to resemble each other at higher temperatures. FULL PAPER l ...
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In the sintering process fine iron ore is agglomerated into porous pieces that are subsequently charged into the blast furnace. This paper sheds light on how neural networks were used to model and optimize the reduction degradation index (RDI), which is an essential sinter quality indicator.
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However, the gradual increase in gangue minerals in iron ore fines in the last decade due to the depletion of high-grade iron ore resources has resulted in a considerable change in sinter chemistry, in particular alumina content and basicity (Lu et al., 2007). Since lump ore and pellets are more acidic and contain less alumina than iron ore ...
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The sintering process is a well-established process in use at integrated steel making plants. It consists of an agglomeration through an oxidizing/reducing fusion of iron ore fines (sinter feed) and fluxing agents (lime, limestone, etc.) as well as re-circulated materials (dust, sludge, etc.) at temperatures between 1200 °C to 1400 ° C. A carbon …
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Significance of types of fuel usage as reductant in Iron ore sintering process. ... This paper presents a comprehensive study on the production and …
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Reduction degree as a function of time for iron ore pellet, sinter, and lump ore at 700, 800, 900, and 1000 C [ 44 ] "modified". Oxy-hydroxides such as goethite have shown high reducibility ...
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The study of mineral phases on iron ore sinter reduction in hydrogen atmosphere has proven to mitigate the effect of CO 2 emission in the ironmaking process. Also, whisker growth in direct reduced iron can be attributed to the presence of sulfur present in the reductant coals. As the presence of sulfur in the carbonaceous …
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because the reduction by hydrogen is endothermic reac-tion.7) Increase in the hydrogen concentration leads to a decrease in the shaft region temperature of BF. Therefore, higher reducibility of iron ore burden at lower temperature is required under higher hydrogen condition. Iron ore sinter, pellet, and lump ore are typical iron
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In this research, the reduction of iron ore sinter in a blast furnace (BF) simulator in CO–CO2–N2‐reducing gas, simulating conditions at the BF center and wall, is investigated. Measurements from an operating BF guide the study, ensuring realistic reduction parameters. Reduction rate and extent, along with physical properties, are …
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From as received to T 10 pct, open porosity increased by 456, 274 and 59 pct for the sinter, lump ore and acid pellet, respectively. This is probably related to the removal of oxygen from the reduction of iron oxides, opening the structure of the particles, and even the formation of cracks due to reduction degradation.
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The present investigation deals with the sinterability of Goa (India) iron ore having high Fe (65.2%) content. The sinter basicity (CaO/SiO2) and its MgO were varied in the 2.0 to 2.5 and 1.5 to 3 ...
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2. Reductant for iron ore sintering. Fuel is a combustible substance whose main constituent is carbon which on burning gives a large amount of heat which can be …
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Reduction of CO2 emissions is an important object for the iron and steel industry. One feasible method may be the utilization of H2 gas as a reducing agent in the blast furnace (BF). However, for stable BF operation, it is first necessary to understand the effects of high H2, and therefore high H2O, concentrations in the reducing gas on the …
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The sinter with low reduction degradation index (RDI) for COREX reduction was prepared by separated granulation sintering process. The results illustrate that the productivity and tumble index are attained to be 1.64 t m−2 h−1 and 59.25%, respectively, in pot tests under the optimal conditions. Under the reducing condition …
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